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A produção e uso do biodiesel se apresenta como um dos grandes desafios deste milênio, dada a imperiosa necessidade de se buscar fonte alternativa de energia renovável para substituir o óleo diesel, tendo em vista a previsão de esgotamento da reservas petrolíferas mundiais, associada à questão de como promover o crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico sem destruir ainda mais o meio ambiente, tão castigado pelo intenso uso do óleo diesel e que está influenciando no efeito estufa. O objetivo deste estudo consistiu em avaliar, do ponto de vista econômico, o efeito da disponibilidade de matérias primas na viabilidade de produção, comercialização e exportação de biodiesel no Estado do Paraná. A metodologia utilizada foi de natureza predominantemente descritivo-qualitativa e exploratória, baseada em levantamento de dados existentes em literatura e em testemunhos de profissionais especializados envolvidos com o Programa Paranaense de Biodiesel. A pesquisa apontou que o Paraná se apresenta como um dos Estados que reúnem condições de produzir e comercializar o biodiesel através da soja e do algodão, culturas estas já com tecnologia definida. Outras fontes também estão disponíveis como o girassol, o nabo forrageiro, o amendoim, a canola e a mamona, que se encontram em fase de experimentos em trabalho conjunto por muitos institutos como IAPAR, EMATER, TECPAR e EMBRAPA e universidades do Paraná. A pesquisa apontou também a existência de dificuldades em se desenvolver o programa paranaense de biodiesel que estão relacionados com a questão tributária e a pouca demanda do biodiesel no momento, justificado pela obrigatoriedade da adição de 2% de biodiesel ao óleo diesel somente a partir de 2008.
Due to the great necessity of searching for alternative and renewable energy sources to substitute the petroleum fuels, the biodiesel production and uses has become one of the biggest challenges for this century. It also must be considered the world petroleum reserves shortage since the 1950s, associated with the necessity of promoting the economical growth, without intensifying the environment destruction. The greenhouse effects caused by the intense normal diesel usage has also to be considered within these new technological advantage of biodiesel production. The objective of this study is to evaluate the biodiesel oil production, commercialization and economical feasibility in Paraná State , Brazil . The methodology used was mainly descriptive-qualitative and exploratory, based on the available biodiesel literature and on especialized statements from members involved within the Parana State Biodiesel Program (Programa Paranaense de Biodiesel) . The research results show that Paraná State has all the conditions to produce and commercialize biodiesel prepared from soy and cotton, which have already developed and defined technology to be cultivated. Other sources are also available like sunflower, forrageiro turnip, peanut and canola, which have been under experiment by many Institutes like IAPAR, EMATER, TECPAR and EMBRAPA, associated with Universities in Parana State . The research has also focused the existent difficulties in developing the Biodiesel Program, all related to tax issues and to the low demand of biodiesel at the moment, once the addition of 2% of biodiesel in normal diesel will become mandatory only in 2008. Due to the great necessity of searching for alternative and renewable energy sources to substitute the petroleum fuels, the biodiesel production and uses has become one of the biggest challenges for this century. It also must be considered the world petroleum reserves shortage since the 1950s, associated with the necessity of promoting the economical growth, without intensifying the environment destruction. The greenhouse effects caused by the intense normal diesel usage has also to be considered within these new technological advantage of biodiesel production. The objective of this study is to evaluate the biodiesel oil production, commercialization and economical feasibility in Paraná State , Brazil . The methodology used was mainly descriptive-qualitative and exploratory, based on the available biodiesel literature and on especialized statements from members involved within the Parana State Biodiesel Program (Programa Paranaense de Biodiesel) . The research results show that Paraná State has all the conditions to produce and commercialize biodiesel prepared from soy and cotton, which have already developed and defined technology to be cultivated. Other sources are also available like sunflower, forrageiro turnip, peanut and canola, which have been under experiment by many Institutes like IAPAR, EMATER, TECPAR and EMBRAPA, associated with Universities in Parana State . The research has also focused the existent difficulties in developing the Biodiesel Program, all related to tax issues and to the low demand of biodiesel at the moment, once the addition of 2% of biodiesel in normal diesel will become mandatory only in 2008.
Data da defesa: 24/09/2006
Banca Examinadora
Orientadora: Helena Maria Wilhelm (LACTEC)
Membro da Banca: Luiz Pereira Ramos (UFPR)
Membro da Banca: Iglê Santos Pequeno (PUC-PR)
Palavra(s)-Chave: Biodiesel; Energia Renovável.
Keywords: Biodiesel; Renewable energy.
